In the season two premiere of ‘Your Personal Economist,’ Michelle Meyer, Chief economist at the Mastercard Economics Institute, explores the difference between hard and soft data — and what that means for the 2025 economy.
- Consumers are uncertain, but spending is strong.
- Businesses are anxious, but hiring continues.
- Markets have shown heightened volatile, but investments are flowing.


Sometimes fear shows up in the headlines. But if you’re looking for realism, try checking the spreadsheets.
Michelle Meyer Chief economist and Head of the Mastercard Economics Institute